Chapter IV./4.: Subarachnoid hemorrhage – clinical approach

Sipos Ildikó

The chapter structure

• IV./4.1.: Epidemiology

• IV./4.2.: Symptoms

  • IV./4.2.1.: General symptoms

  • IV./4.2.2.: Localization of the aneurysm

  • IV./4.2.3.: Site specific symptoms of the aneurysm rupture

  • IV./4.2.4.: Altered consciousness

• IV./4.3.: Course of the disease

• IV./4.4.: Additional diagnostics

  • IV./4.4.1.: Lumbar puncture

  • IV./4.4.2.: Fundus examination / ophthalmoscopy

  • IV./4.4.3.: TCD – Transcranial Doppler

• IV./4.5.: Differential diagnosis

  • IV./4.5.1.: Subarachnoid hemorrhage could be independent of aneurysm rupture

  • IV./4.5.2.: Thrombosis of the venous sinuses

• IV./4.6.: Therapy

  • IV./4.6.1.: Patient groups based on the severity of the symptoms

  • IV./4.6.2.: Clipping vs. Coiling

References

Fink ME: Subarachnoid hemorrhage. Weill Cornell Medical Seminar, Salzburg, 2012.

Brisman J et al: Cerebral aneurism. N Engl J Med 2006, 355 (9): 928-939.

van Gijn J et al: Subarachnoid haemorrhage. Lancet 2007, 369 (9558): 306-318.

Suarez JI et al: Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage N Engl J Med 2006, 354 (4): 387-396.

Kassell NF, Torner JC: Aneurysmal rebleeding: a preliminary report from the Cooperative Aneurysm Study. Neurosurgery 1983, 13 (5): 479-481.

Al-Shahi SR, Sudlow CL: Case fatality after subarachnoid haemorrhage: declining, but why? Lancet Neurol 2009, 8 (7): 598-599.

Szirmai I (szerk.): Neurológia, Medicina, 2011.